Biomechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and perceived responses to electrically assisted cycling

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Biomechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and perceived responses to electrically assisted cycling. / Sperlich, Billy; Zinner, Christoph Johannes; Hébert-Losier, Kim et al.
In: European journal of applied physiology, Vol. 112, No. 12, 01.12.2012, p. 4015-4025.

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Bibtex

@article{104e121b91a342fcbaa79106335ef675,

title = "Biomechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and perceived responses to electrically assisted cycling",

abstract = "The aims of the present study were to characterize the effects of cycling in varying terrain with the assistance of an electric motor with respect to (1) power output, velocity, and electromyography (EMG) signals; (2) cardiorespiratory parameters; (3) energy expenditure (EE); (4) rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment and to compare these effects with those of non-assisted cycling. Eight sedentary women (age: 38 ± 15 years, BMI: 25.3 ± 2.1 kg m(-2)) cycled 9.5 km on varying terrain (change in elevation: 102 m, maximum incline: 5.8 \%) at their own pace, once with and once without motorized assistance, in randomized order. With electrical assistance, the mean power output (-29 \%); EMG patterns of the m. biceps femoris (-49 \%), m. vastus lateralis (-33 \%), m. vastus medialis (-37 \%), and m. gastrocnemius medialis (-29 \%); heart rate (-29.1 \%); oxygen uptake (-33.0 \%); respiratory exchange ratio (-9.0 \%); and EE (-36.5 \%) were all lower, whereas the mean cycling speed was higher (P < 0.05) than that without such assistance. In addition, following assisted exercise the mean blood lactate concentration and RPE were lower (P < 0.05) and ratings of enjoyment higher (P < 0.05). Moreover, motorized cycling was associated with (1) lower EMG with higher power output and speed; (2) less cardiorespiratory and metabolic effort; (3) lower respiratory exchange ratio; (4) lower RPE with more enjoyment; and (5) sufficient EE, according to present standards, to provide health benefits. Thus, electrically assisted cycling may represent an innovative approach to persuading reluctant sedentary women to exercise.",

keywords = "Adult, Bicycling, Electromyography, Energy Metabolism, Exercise, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Lactic Acid, Middle Aged, Muscle, Skeletal, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Exertion, Pleasure, Respiratory Function Tests",

author = "Billy Sperlich and Zinner, \{Christoph Johannes\} and Kim H{\'e}bert-Losier and Dennis-Peter Born and Hans-Christer Holmberg",

year = "2012",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/s00421-012-2382-0",

language = "English",

volume = "112",

pages = "4015--4025",

journal = "European journal of applied physiology",

issn = "1439-6319",

publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",

number = "12",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Biomechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and perceived responses to electrically assisted cycling

AU - Sperlich, Billy

AU - Zinner, Christoph Johannes

AU - Hébert-Losier, Kim

AU - Born, Dennis-Peter

AU - Holmberg, Hans-Christer

PY - 2012/12/1

Y1 - 2012/12/1

N2 - The aims of the present study were to characterize the effects of cycling in varying terrain with the assistance of an electric motor with respect to (1) power output, velocity, and electromyography (EMG) signals; (2) cardiorespiratory parameters; (3) energy expenditure (EE); (4) rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment and to compare these effects with those of non-assisted cycling. Eight sedentary women (age: 38 ± 15 years, BMI: 25.3 ± 2.1 kg m(-2)) cycled 9.5 km on varying terrain (change in elevation: 102 m, maximum incline: 5.8 %) at their own pace, once with and once without motorized assistance, in randomized order. With electrical assistance, the mean power output (-29 %); EMG patterns of the m. biceps femoris (-49 %), m. vastus lateralis (-33 %), m. vastus medialis (-37 %), and m. gastrocnemius medialis (-29 %); heart rate (-29.1 %); oxygen uptake (-33.0 %); respiratory exchange ratio (-9.0 %); and EE (-36.5 %) were all lower, whereas the mean cycling speed was higher (P < 0.05) than that without such assistance. In addition, following assisted exercise the mean blood lactate concentration and RPE were lower (P < 0.05) and ratings of enjoyment higher (P < 0.05). Moreover, motorized cycling was associated with (1) lower EMG with higher power output and speed; (2) less cardiorespiratory and metabolic effort; (3) lower respiratory exchange ratio; (4) lower RPE with more enjoyment; and (5) sufficient EE, according to present standards, to provide health benefits. Thus, electrically assisted cycling may represent an innovative approach to persuading reluctant sedentary women to exercise.

AB - The aims of the present study were to characterize the effects of cycling in varying terrain with the assistance of an electric motor with respect to (1) power output, velocity, and electromyography (EMG) signals; (2) cardiorespiratory parameters; (3) energy expenditure (EE); (4) rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and enjoyment and to compare these effects with those of non-assisted cycling. Eight sedentary women (age: 38 ± 15 years, BMI: 25.3 ± 2.1 kg m(-2)) cycled 9.5 km on varying terrain (change in elevation: 102 m, maximum incline: 5.8 %) at their own pace, once with and once without motorized assistance, in randomized order. With electrical assistance, the mean power output (-29 %); EMG patterns of the m. biceps femoris (-49 %), m. vastus lateralis (-33 %), m. vastus medialis (-37 %), and m. gastrocnemius medialis (-29 %); heart rate (-29.1 %); oxygen uptake (-33.0 %); respiratory exchange ratio (-9.0 %); and EE (-36.5 %) were all lower, whereas the mean cycling speed was higher (P < 0.05) than that without such assistance. In addition, following assisted exercise the mean blood lactate concentration and RPE were lower (P < 0.05) and ratings of enjoyment higher (P < 0.05). Moreover, motorized cycling was associated with (1) lower EMG with higher power output and speed; (2) less cardiorespiratory and metabolic effort; (3) lower respiratory exchange ratio; (4) lower RPE with more enjoyment; and (5) sufficient EE, according to present standards, to provide health benefits. Thus, electrically assisted cycling may represent an innovative approach to persuading reluctant sedentary women to exercise.

KW - Adult

KW - Bicycling

KW - Electromyography

KW - Energy Metabolism

KW - Exercise

KW - Female

KW - Heart Rate

KW - Humans

KW - Lactic Acid

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Muscle, Skeletal

KW - Oxygen Consumption

KW - Physical Exertion

KW - Pleasure

KW - Respiratory Function Tests

U2 - 10.1007/s00421-012-2382-0

DO - 10.1007/s00421-012-2382-0

M3 - Journal articles

C2 - 22446956

VL - 112

SP - 4015

EP - 4025

JO - European journal of applied physiology

JF - European journal of applied physiology

SN - 1439-6319

IS - 12

ER -

ID: 60677